When a dog suffers from a torn cruciate ligament, it is not a mere injury but a pivotal moment in both the pet's and the owner's life. This common yet complex issue, mirroring the ACL injuries in humans, poses significant challenges and decisions for pet care. Understanding the intricacies of stifle (knee) joint, the cruciate injuries and the array of surgical solutions available is important to navigate treatment and care.
If your veterinarian has diagnosed your dog with a ruptured (torn) cruciate ligament (CCL), it is important to understand this injury. The CCL in dogs serves a similar function as the ACL in people. It is the most frequently occurring orthopedic injury in dogs and a major cause of knee joint arthritis. While commonly seen in larger breeds, dogs of any size can experience a CCL rupture.
There are several surgical options available to treat a rupture CCL in dogs. These procedures do not repair the torn ligament directly. Instead, they aim to repair the joint by altering the leg's mechanics and physics, essentially making the cruciate ligament unnecessary for the leg's function.
Cruciate Tear Surgery Techniques
When it comes to surgical options for dogs with torn cruciate ligaments, veterinarians typically consider three primary procedures, each with its unique approach:
1. TPLO (Tibial Plateau Leveling Osteotomy):
This advanced procedure involves a strategic cut at the top of the tibia (shin bone), followed by a rotation of the bone to effectively reduce the tibial plateau angle. The repositioned tibia is then stabilized using a plate and screws, aiming to alter the knee dynamics and alleviate the need for a functional cruciate ligament.
2. TTA (Tibial Tuberosity Advancement):
Similar in its objective to the TPLO, the TTA differs in its technique. Instead of altering the tibial plateau angle, it involves a distinct cut in the tibia. The aim is to change the leg's mechanics without modifying the tibial plateau angle. The adjusted bone is then secured with a plate and screws for proper alignment and healing.
3. Lateral Suture Technique:
Ideal for smaller dogs, this less invasive method varies in its effectiveness. This technique aims to stabilize the knee joint by replicating the function of the cruciate ligament externally, thereby allowing for a less complex surgical intervention, yet still stabilize the knee joint. This approach does not involve bone cutting or plate insertion, making it a viable repair for certain cases based on the dog's size and specific needs.
The Recovery
After your dog undergoes cruciate surgery, the recovery period is a critical time frame that requires careful attention and adherence to post-operative care instructions. As a pet owner, you can expect your dog to need ample rest and limited movement to ensure proper healing of the joint. Your veterinarian will provide specific aftercare protocols, including pain management, wound care, and possibly physical therapy. It is vital to follow these guidelines diligently to prevent post-operative complications and to ensure the best possible outcome. This period will also involve regular follow-up visits to the veterinarian to monitor your dog's progress.
Some other recommendations for recovery may include:
- Leash walking only
- Icing the incision
- Heat applied to the incision
- Passive range of motion techniques
- Physical rehabilitation
- Water therapy after the incision has healed
Preparedness is Key
For a smooth recovery phase after cruciate surgery in dogs, there are several key preparations owners can attend to prior to the procedure:
- Practice Leash Walking: If your dog is not accustomed to leash walks, start practicing leash walks before the surgery. This will help manage their mobility and ensure safe, controlled movements during the recovery period.
- Familiarize Your Pet with Confinement Spaces: Acclimate your dog to spending time in a crate or a small pen. Post-surgery, they will need to stay in confined spaces to restrict movement and promote healing.
- Medication Preparedness: Ensure you are ready to administer medications post-surgery. Familiarize yourself with the process, as timely and correct dosage is crucial for pain management and recovery.
- E-Collar Adjustment: Introduce your dog to an Elizabethan collar (e-collar) before the surgery. Wearing an E-collar is essential to prevent them from licking or biting the surgical site, and acclimating them to an E-collar will make it less stressful post-operation.
Remember, your commitment to following these aftercare instructions plays a pivotal role in your dog's recovery and return to a happy, active life.
The Tail End
Recovering from cruciate ligament surgery in dogs requires time and typically spans about 12 weeks. Most dogs begin to use their leg again within a few days after the procedure, signaling the start of their path to healing. The surgical correction of a cruciate ligament tear is not just a medical intervention, but a step towards restoring an active and joyful lifestyle for both you and your canine companion.
As you navigate through this recovery process, patience and adherence to your veterinarian’s guidance are key. With time and care, your dog can look forward to running, playing, and enjoying life to the fullest once again.
If you have questions and you'd like to reach out to us, you can call us directly at 650-535-3557, or you can email us at clinic@northpenvet.com. Do not forget to follow us on social media Facebook, Instagram.
First seen on: Belton Veterinary Clinic's Website